Equalizing device for pumps, turbines, and the like.



A. GRIESSMANN & 0. GOTTSGHLING. BQUALIZING DEVICE FOR PUMPS, TURBINES, AND THE LIKE. APPLICATION IILED 11.43.20, 1907 907,343.-. Y I Patented Dec.22,190 8.

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- uvvZN I ES MW A, GRIESSMANN 6a 0: GOTTSUHLING= EQUALIZING DEVIUE FOR PUMPS, TURBINES, AM) THE LIKE. APPLIOATIOZI FILED mm. 20, 1907.

907,343. Patented Dee.22,1908.

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'take up a def two regulating,

'c of this ring UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIlClih ARNO GRIESSMANN EQUALIZIN G DEVICE FOR PUMPS, TUjRB'INE To all 'whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, ARNO GRIESsMANN Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed IN-ch 20, 1907. Serial 0. 363,492.

and Orro GOTTSOHLING, subjects of the German Emperor, and residents of Berlin, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Equalizing Devices for Pumps, Turbines, and the Like, of which the following is a specification.

In high pressure centrifugal pumps, steam and as turbines, ventilators and the like the axis pressure has been overcome by the provision of an equalizing-piston on the pressure side of the pump. Such pistons are constructed either as simple smooth 0 lindrical pistons or as step pistons. The isadvan tage of such pistons, which are only able to inite axial pressure, while the pressure produced by the urn varies by a certain amount in one or other irection during working, is overcome by the employment of automatic equalizing pistons. fl hese pistons are able to take up more or less pressure, depending upon whether the pressure produced in the ump has become higher or lower. According to one method there are closely adjacent surfaces near the outside periphery of the piston; the drawback of this arrangement is, however, that there is excessive wear and tear, in consequence of the high speed with which the surfaces pass each other. This proves a very serious matter, particularly when fsandy f water is to be pumped, additional resistance Q to motion being caused in the grains of sand getting jamme re lating-surfaces.

,hes e disadvantages are all overcome according to our invention, the essential "featur'e of which is that theregulating-surfaces are transferred toward the center, t lat is the u np through 5 between the neighborhood of the shaft, so that the resistan e to motion acts on a but short lever arm,

be ng therefore less serious thanwere'the latter longer.

One form of construction of the new device is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 is a section of the parts effecting equalization, and Fig. 2 a longitudinal section through a pump fitted with the new de V106.

The automatic equalizing device has a cylindrical piston a on the shaft to and a ring fittingdirectly against'it, the one surface rotating past the surface 0 of equalizing device will AND OTTO GOTTSCHLING, OF BERLIN, GERMANY s, AND THE rams.

Patented Dec. 2352,1908.

the piston a rotates in the casing, there; bemg the usual space of about 0.l- 0.2 rnrn;;-.ieft at the peri hery for play. Betweenzpiston face and p atee-thereis anannuiar space f, which communicates through the vertical gap between the surfaces 0 t with the pres sure s ace 9 behind the part the cy indrieal gap between piston-periphery and easing with the atmosphere. I

. In Fig. 2, S is the flanged connection for the suction pipe and P that for the delivery pipe of the centrifugal pump, which may be of any ordinary construction.

The manner of operation of the new equah; izing device is as follows: In the space 9 the pressure p is that produced by the pump, in the space f there is a pressure p which is less than p, since in the gap 0 0 there must be a resistance to flow; 'l'his resistance arises owing to the surfaces c 0 being approached to each other to a certain degree. if, new, for any reason the balance is disturbed the adjust itself to the new conditions immediately. Assume, for instance, that the )ressure produced in the pui p increases, tie shaft will move from righ. to left, since the equalizing device will now have become too weak. The two surfaces c 0, each other and the resistance to flow at c c due to these surfaces decreases, The result" is that the. pressure p increases and the pie; ton can, therefore, equalize a higher pressure, the effective surface of the piston. mainingthe same. Assume, again, that axial pressure produced in the pump he comes less, the equalizing device will then become too powerfuland the shaft will move from left to right? In this manner, however, the surfaces c c approach each other, the re-- sistance to motion will be increased and the pressure p diminishes so that the pressure, corresponding to the decreased axial pressure of the pump, will now equalize a lower pres sure.

"The feature of the new device is not only that the resistance to motion is reduced and. proper working of the whole apparatus in-- sured, but the invention offers a so a great advantage, in that renewal of the parts subject to wear and tear is essentially fzwilitated, inasmuch as this wear and tear is taken up by the ring 6, that is to say, by areadily change-- able member having a small circumference.

will, however, now separate from 4 plate esecured to the casing G. The

fit)

(2, and through Qii Having thus described our invention, we elann as new:

1. Means for preventing, end thrust of shafts of centrifugal pumps, turbines and ventilators comprising a piston secured upon the shaft, a cylinder having its walls forming inner and outer pressure chambers, in one of which the piston is located, a vertical throttle passage having one end connected to one of the chambers and a horizontal passage connecting its other end to the other chamber.

2. in an apparatus of the class described, a casing and a rotary shaft therein, said casing having inwardly extending walls providing inner and outer pressure chambers, a eyan automatically adjustable passage leading 5 to the space between the said abutting laces,

substantially as described.

In witness whereof we have hereunto signed our names this ()lh day ol March, 1907,

in the presence of two subscribing, witnesses. 25 

